Yes, that's possible. Check this out: http://api.imgur.com/resources_auth#account_albums_id

It usually takes about 30 minutes, but up to an hour sometimes depending on the traffic.

Sure it is. Just check "Edit" once you've selected your images to upload. You will be taken to the edit image page and there's a resizing option in the top right corner.

 Nope, it does not. API keys are only used on upload.

Sure, you can do that anonymously. No need to be signed in unless you want to use /2/account calls.

Yep, I have plans for this. Unfortunately it keeps falling on the priority list in favor of some other things, but you should be seeing it implemented soon.

I just wanted to let you know that some changes were released over the weekend that should take care of a lot of this. I'm marking this as completed, but will still be keeping a close eye on the voting system and will continue to make adjustments.

That's a really good idea. I've just added it to my todo list. A blog post will most definitely be made when it's released, but it should be sometime next month.

It sounds like your computer is having a hard time resolving the i.imgur.com domain. Can you try changing your DNS settings to use either Google's Public DNS, or Open DNS? More information on that can be found here: http://code.google.com/speed/public-dns/ and https://store.opendns.com/get/basic